Solution To: Laravel Error No application encryption key has been specified.

.
PROBLEM:

RuntimeException
No application encryption key has been specified.

SOLUTION:


1. If .env does not exist in root folder, .env.example file in the root of your project to .env or create a new .env file.

2. You should not just create empty .env file, but fill it with content of .env.example.

.envfile look like this: (Fill up with required database connection)

APP_ENV=local
APP_DEBUG=true
APP_KEY=SomeRandomString
APP_URL=http://localhost

DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=homestead
DB_USERNAME=homestead
DB_PASSWORD=secret

CACHE_DRIVER=file
SESSION_DRIVER=file
QUEUE_DRIVER=sync

REDIS_HOST=127.0.0.1
REDIS_PASSWORD=null
REDIS_PORT=6379

MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=mailtrap.io
MAIL_PORT=2525
MAIL_USERNAME=null
MAIL_PASSWORD=null
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=null
.


3. In the terminal go to the project root directory(not public folder) and run

php artisan key:generate

If everything is okay, response in terminal should look like this
Application key [base64:wbvPP9pBOwifnwu84BeKAVzmwM4TLvcVFowLcPAi6nA=] set successfully.

4. Check that the Application Key is inserted into .env file.

You can just copy key itself and paste it in your .env file as the value to APP_KEY. Result line should looks like this:
APP_KEY=base64:wbvPP9pBOwifnwu84BeKAVzmwM4TLvcVFowLcPAi6nA=

5. In terminal run

php artisan config:cache

.
REFERENCE:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44839648/no-application-encryption-key-has-been-specified-new-laravel-app

Solution To: Laravel Error file_get_contents(/var/www/laravel/.env): failed to open stream

.
PROBLEM:

file_get_contents(/var/www/laravel/.env)
: failed to open stream
: No such file or directory”?

SOLUTION:
Probably you missed your .env file in laravel project folder.So make .env.example to .env file. Also give the required database connection.

.envfile look like this: (Fill up with required database connection)

APP_ENV=local
APP_DEBUG=true
APP_KEY=SomeRandomString
APP_URL=http://localhost

DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=homestead
DB_USERNAME=homestead
DB_PASSWORD=secret

CACHE_DRIVER=file
SESSION_DRIVER=file
QUEUE_DRIVER=sync

REDIS_HOST=127.0.0.1
REDIS_PASSWORD=null
REDIS_PORT=6379

MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=mailtrap.io
MAIL_PORT=2525
MAIL_USERNAME=null
MAIL_PASSWORD=null
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=null
.
REFERENCE:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36761778/how-to-resolve-the-error-errorexception-file-get-contents-var-www-laravel-e

Solution To: Laravel Error failed to open stream: Permission denied

PROBLEM:

Laravel Error failed to open stream: Permission denied

SOLUTION:

Most folders should be normal "755" and files, "644"

Laravel requires some folders to be writable for the web server user. You can use these command on *nix based OSs.

Using ACL

// nginx = web server user
// systemuser = your local user which you use to login via ssh
sudo setfacl -Rdm u:nginx:rwx,u:systemuser:rwx storage
sudo setfacl -Rm u:nginx:rwx,u:systemuser:rwx storage

Alternatively, if you don't have ACL

sudo chgrp -R www-data storage bootstrap/cache
sudo chmod -R ug+rwx storage bootstrap/cache


REFERENCE:
https://laracasts.com/discuss/channels/general-discussion/laravel-framework-file-permission-security
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30639174/file-permissions-for-laravel-5-and-others

Solution To: Whoops, looks like something went wrong. Laravel 5.0

.

PROBLEM:

I installed Laravel 5.0 properly by cloning in git, and composer install, when I ran it to browser http://localhost/laravel/public/, it says

"Whoops, looks like something went wrong."

SOLUTION:

The error logs are located in storage directory. 

You need to check the error message in order to identify the cause of the error.

Solution To: Laravel 5 Failed opening required bootstrap/../vendor/autoload.php

PROBLEM:
Laravel 5 Failed opening required bootstrap/../vendor/autoload.php

SOLUTION:
...

When the new project created the laravel require to load vendors to autoload the libraries , We need to tell composer to update via command:

composer update

Composer is a dependency manager allows you to delegate responsibility for managing your dependencies to a third party.

In some cases, you need to tell composer to install first via ommand:

composer install 

If this does not solve the problem, make sure the following php modules are installed php-mbstring php-dom

To install this extensions run the following in terminal

sudo apt-get install php-mbstring php-dom

once the installation is complete

try running the command in your project root folder

composer install 

REFERENCE:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28468625/laravel-5-failed-opening-required-bootstrap-vendor-autoload-php

Solution To: CodeEnvy Laravel 5.6 which requires PHP 7.1.3 or higher, but the recipe installs PHP 7.0.

PROBLEM:
When you use the eclipse/php:laravel recipe, it installs Laravel 5.6 which requires PHP 7.1.3 or higher, but the recipe installs PHP 7.0.


SOLUTION:
The temporary solution is to manually install PHP 7.2:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge php7.0 php7.0-common
sudo apt-get install php7.2-curl php7.2-xml php7.2-zip php7.2-gd php7.2-mysql php7.2-mbstring

REFERENCE:
https://github.com/codenvy/codenvy/issues/2673

Install Composer

.

Introduction#

Composer is a tool for dependency management in PHP. It allows you to declare the libraries your project depends on and it will manage (install/update) them for you.

Dependency management#

Composer is not a package manager in the same sense as Yum or Apt are. Yes, it deals with "packages" or libraries, but it manages them on a per-project basis, installing them in a directory (e.g. vendor) inside your project. By default it does not install anything globally. Thus, it is a dependency manager. It does however support a "global" project for convenience via the global command.

This idea is not new and Composer is strongly inspired by node's npm and ruby's bundler.

Suppose:

1. You have a project that depends on a number of libraries.
2. Some of those libraries depend on other libraries.

Composer:

1. Enables you to declare the libraries you depend on.
2. Finds out which versions of which packages can and need to be installed, and installs them (meaning it downloads them into your project).

See the Basic usage chapter for more details on declaring dependencies.

System Requirements#

Composer requires PHP 5.3.2+ to run. A few sensitive php settings and compile flags are also required, but when using the installer you will be warned about any incompatibilities.

To install packages from sources instead of simple zip archives, you will need git, svn, fossil or hg depending on how the package is version-controlled.

Composer is multi-platform and we strive to make it run equally well on Windows, Linux and macOS.

Installation - Linux / Unix / macOS#

Downloading the Composer Executable#

Composer offers a convenient installer that you can execute directly from the commandline. Feel free to download this file or review it on GitHub if you wish to know more about the inner workings of the installer. The source is plain PHP.

There are in short, two ways to install Composer. Locally as part of your project, or globally as a system wide executable.

Locally#

To install Composer locally, run the installer in your project directory. See the Download page for instructions.

The installer will check a few PHP settings and then download composer.phar to your working directory. This file is the Composer binary. It is a PHAR (PHP archive), which is an archive format for PHP which can be run on the command line, amongst other things.

Now run php composer.phar in order to run Composer.

You can install Composer to a specific directory by using the --install-dir option and additionally (re)name it as well using the --filename option. When running the installer when following the Download page instructions add the following parameters:

php composer-setup.php --install-dir=bin --filename=composer

Now run php bin/composer in order to run Composer.

Globally#

You can place the Composer PHAR anywhere you wish. If you put it in a directory that is part of your PATH, you can access it globally. On unixy systems you can even make it executable and invoke it without directly using the php interpreter.

After running the installer following the Download page instructions you can run this to move composer.phar to a directory that is in your path:

mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

If you like to install it only for your user and avoid requiring root permissions, you can use ~/.local/bin instead which is available by default on some Linux distributions.

Note: If the above fails due to permissions, you may need to run it again with sudo.
Note: On some versions of macOS the /usr directory does not exist by default. If you receive the error "/usr/local/bin/composer: No such file or directory" then you must create the directory manually before proceeding: mkdir -p /usr/local/bin.
Note: For information on changing your PATH, please read the Wikipedia article and/or use Google.

Now run composer in order to run Composer instead of php composer.phar.

Installation - Windows#

Using the Installer#

This is the easiest way to get Composer set up on your machine.

Download and run Composer-Setup.exe. It will install the latest Composer version and set up your PATH so that you can call composerfrom any directory in your command line.

Note: Close your current terminal. Test usage with a new terminal: This is important since the PATH only gets loaded when the terminal starts.

Manual Installation#

Change to a directory on your PATH and run the installer following the Download page instructions to download composer.phar.

php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"

php composer-setup.php

(if you get error message unable to find wrapper https probably you did not enable php opensll module or your php wasn't installed properly)

Create a new composer.bat file alongside composer.phar:

C:\bin>echo @php "%~dp0composer.phar" %*>composer.bat

Add the directory to your PATH environment variable if it isn't already. 

e.g. c:\composer 

Close your current terminal. Test usage with a new terminal:

C:\Users\username>composer -V
Composer version 1.0.0 2016-01-10 20:34:53

Using Composer#

.
SOURCE: https://getcomposer.org/doc/00-intro.md
.

Laravel From Scratch 4

.

.
BLADE TEMPLATING & COMPILING

---

1)CREATE VIEW LAYOUT

create file: lsapp/resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php

edit content:
<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{config('app.locale')}}">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"
<meta name="viewport" content="device-width,initial-scale=1">
<title>{{config('app.name','LSAPP')}}</title>
</heade>
<body>
@yield('content')
</body>
</html>

---

2) EDIT VIEW PAGE

edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/index.blade.php

edit content:
@extends('layouts.app')

@section('content')
<h1>Welcome To Laravel</h1>
<p>This is the Laravel application from the "Laravel From Scratch" Youtube series</p>
@endsection


edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/about.blade.php

edit content:
@extends('layouts.app')

@section('content')
<h1>About</h1>
<p>This is the about page</p>
@endsection


edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/services.blade.php

edit content:
@extends('layouts.app')

@section('content')
<h1>Services</h1>
<p>This is the services page</p>
@endsection


browse: /index
browse: /about
browse: /services

---

3) ADD PAGE DATA TO PAGE CONTROLLER USING COMPACT

edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/index.blade.php

edit content:
@extends('layouts.app')

@section('content')
<h1>{{$title}}</h1>
<p>This is the Laravel application from the "Laravel From Scratch" Youtube series</p>
@endsection


edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/about.blade.php

edit content:
@extends('layouts.app')

@section('content')
<h1>{{$title}}</h1>
<p>This is the about page</p>
@endsection


edit file: lsapp/app/Http/Controllers/PagesController.php

file content:
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class PagesController extends Controller
{
public function index(){
$title = 'Welcome To Laravel';
return view('pages.index',compact('title'));
}
public function about(){
return view('pages.about');
}
public function services(){
return view('pages.services');
}
}

---

4) ADD PAGE DATA TO PAGE CONTROLLER USING WITH

edit file: lsapp/app/Http/Controllers/PagesController.php

file content:
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class PagesController extends Controller
{
public function index(){
$title = 'Welcome To Laravel';
return view('pages.index')->with('title',$title);
}
public function about(){
$title = 'About Us';
return view('pages.about')->with('title',$title);
}
public function services(){
return view('pages.services');
}
}



note:
-compact() is a PHP Function.
-compact() creates an array from existing variables given as string arguments to it.
-with() is a Laravel method.
-with() allows you to pass variables to a view.

---

5) ADD PAGE ARRAY DATA TO PAGE CONTROLLER USING WITH

edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/services.blade.php

edit content:
@extends('layouts.app')

@section('content')
<h1>{{$title}}</h1>
<p>This is the services page</p>
@endsection



edit file: lsapp/app/Http/Controllers/PagesController.php

file content:
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class PagesController extends Controller
{
public function index(){
$title = 'Welcome To Laravel';
return view('pages.index')->with('title',$title);
}
public function about(){
$title = 'About Us';
return view('pages.about')->with('title',$title);
}
public function services(){
$data=array(
'title'=>'Our Services'
);
return view('pages.services')->with($data);
}
}

---

6) ADD PAGE NESTED ARRAY DATA TO PAGE CONTROLLER USING WITH

edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/services.blade.php

edit content:
@extends('layouts.app')

@section('content')
<h1>{{$title}}</h1>
@if(count($services)>0)
@foreach($services as $service)
<ul>
<li>{{$service}}</li>
</ul>
@endforeach
@endif
@endsection



edit file: lsapp/app/Http/Controllers/PagesController.php

file content:
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class PagesController extends Controller
{
public function index(){
$title = 'Welcome To Laravel';
return view('pages.index')->with('title',$title);
}
public function about(){
$title = 'About Us';
return view('pages.about')->with('title',$title);
}
public function services(){
$data=array(
'title'=>'Our Services',
'services'=>['Web Design','Programming','SEO']
);
return view('pages.services')->with($data);
}
}

---

7) ADD STYLING TO VIEW LAYOUT

to add link to css file
create file: lsapp/resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php

edit content:
<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{config('app.locale')}}">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"
<meta name="viewport" content="device-width,initial-scale=1">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{asset('css/app.css')}}">
<title>{{config('app.name','LSAPP')}}</title>
</heade>
<body>
@yield('content')
</body>
</html>

---

8) USING NODE TO COMPILE STYLING CODES
time:10.25


.

.

Laravel From Scratch 3

.

.

BASIC ROUTING & CONTROLLERS

---

1) INSERT ROUTE EXAMPLE

edit file: lsapp/routes/web.php

file content:
<?php
Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});
Route::get('/hello',function(){
return '<h1>Hello World</h1>';
});

---

2) INSERT PAGE EXAMPLE

edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/about.blade.php

file content:
About

edit file: lsapp/routes/web.php

file content:
<?php
Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});
/*
Route::get('/hello',function(){
return '<h1>Hello World</h1>';
});
*/
Route::get('/about',function(){
return view('pages.about');
});

---

3) INSERT URL PARAM EXAMPLE

edit file: lsapp/routes/web.php

file content:
<?php
Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});
/*
Route::get('/hello',function(){
return '<h1>Hello World</h1>';
});
Route::get('/about',function(){
return view('pages.about');
});
*/
Route::get('/users/{id}',function($id){
return 'This is user ' .$id;
});

---

4) USING ARTISAN

cmd: php artisan make:controller PagesController

edit file: lsapp/app/Http/Controllers/PagesController.php

file content:
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class PagesController extends Controller
{
public function index(){
return 'INDEX';
}
}


edit file: lsapp/routes/web.php

file content:
<?php
/*
Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});
Route::get('/hello',function(){
return '<h1>Hello World</h1>';
});
Route::get('/about',function(){
return view('pages.about');
});
Route::get('/users/{id}',function($id){
return 'This is user ' .$id;
});
*/
Route::get('/', 'PagesController@index');

---

5) CONTROLLER RETURNING VIEW

edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/index.php

file content:
<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{ app()->getLocale() }}">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <title>{{config('app.name','LSAPP')}}</title>
    </head>
    <body>
            <h1>Welcome To Laravel</h1>
            <p>This is the laravel application
            from the "Laravel From Scratch" Youtube series</p>
    </body>
</html>


edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/about.php

file content:
<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{ app()->getLocale() }}">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <title>{{config('app.name','LSAPP')}}</title>
    </head>
    <body>
            <h1>About</h1>
            <p>This is the laravel application
            from the "Laravel From Scratch" Youtube series</p>
    </body>
</html>



edit file: lsapp/resources/views/pages/services.php

file content:
<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{ app()->getLocale() }}">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <title>{{config('app.name','LSAPP')}}</title>
    </head>
    <body>
            <h1>Services</h1>
            <p>This is the laravel application
            from the "Laravel From Scratch" Youtube series</p>
    </body>
</html>



edit file: lsapp/app/Http/Controllers/PagesController.php

file content:
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class PagesController extends Controller
{
public function index(){
return view('pages.index');
}
public function about(){
return view('pages.about');
}
public function services(){
return view('pages.services');
}
}



edit file: lsapp/routes/web.php

file content:
<?php
/*
Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});
Route::get('/hello',function(){
return '<h1>Hello World</h1>';
});
Route::get('/about',function(){
return view('pages.about');
});
Route::get('/users/{id}/{name}',function($id,$name){
return 'This is user '.$name.' with and id of '.$id;
});
*/
Route::get('/', 'PagesController@index');
Route::get('/about', 'PagesController@about');
Route::get('/services', 'PagesController@services');
.

NEXT: Laravel From Scratch 4

Laravel From Scratch 2

.

.

ENVIRONMENT & INSTALL

0) PREPARATION
- Windows 7 SP1
- Chrome Web Browser
- php version 7.2.+
- composer 1.7.2
- git 2.19.1
- visual studio 1.28.2

---

1) DOWNLOAD AND INSTALL XAMPP

go to https://www.apachefriends.org/index.html


add php path to windows environment path
ie type cmd: set PATH=%PATH%;C:\xampp\php\

test for php version
ie type cmd: php --version

---

2) DOWNLOAD AND INSTALL COMPOSER

go to https://getcomposer.org/doc/00-intro.md

Download Composer-Setup.exe (for windows) and install

The exe file will install Composer
and insert its path Windows Environment Path Variable

test for composer version
ie type cmd: composer --version


or manual steps,

go to https://getcomposer.org/download/

Download Composer (Latest: v1.7.2)

php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"

php -r "if (hash_file('SHA384', 'composer-setup.php') === '93b54496392c062774670ac18b134c3b3a95e5a5e5c8f1a9f115f203b75bf9a129d5daa8ba6a13e2cc8a1da0806388a8') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"

php composer-setup.php

php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

echo @php "%~dp0composer.phar" %*>composer.bat

---

3) DOWNLOAD AND INSTALL GIT

go to https://git-scm.com/

Download git and install


During installation,
under "Adjusting your PATH environment",
select (the 3rd option) "Use Git and optional Unix tools from the Windows Command Prompt"

For the rest parts, select default options.

---

4) DOWNLOAD AND INSTALL VISUAL STUDIO
go to https://code.visualstudio.com

Download visual studio and install


During installation,
under "Select additional Tasks",
select "Add 'Open with Code' action to Windows Explorer file context menu"
select "Add 'Open with Code' action to Windows Explorer directory context

Run Visual Studio

* update : VS code now lets you select or change command line shell directly, no extra effort needed. Just install git. *

You can also access via menu
select Menu File/Preferences/Settings/
select Features/Terminal
search "terminal.integrated.env.linux"

---

5) START EDITING USING VISUAL STUDIO WITH BASH COMMAND TERMINAL

goto to the xampp htdocs location ie /c/xampp/htdocs

type:
composer create-project laravel/laravel lsapp

---

6) ADD PROJECT FOLDER

(click folder icon, click Open Folder, select lsapp folder)


.
NEXT: Laravel From Scratch 3

Laravel From Scratch 1

.

.

INTRODUCTION TO LARAVEL

What Is Laravel?
• Open Source PHP Framework
• Aims to make dev process pleasing without sacrificing quality
• One of the most popular and respected PHP frameworks
• Uses The MVC (Model View Controller) Design Pattern


What Is Included In This Series?
• Laravel Overview
• Installation / Setup
• Build a Website & Blog Application
• Authentication & Access Control
• Deploying a Laravel Application

AFTER THIS SERIES:
10 Project Laravel Course
• Basic Website
• Todo List
• Business Listings App
• Photo Gallery
• REST API
• OctoberCMS Website
• Twitter API App
• Bookmark Manager
• Contacts Manager With Vue.js
• Backpack Site Manager

What Does Laravel Do?
• Route Handling
• Security Layer
• Models & DB Migrations
• Views/ Templates
• Authentication
• Sessions
• Compile Assets
• Storage & File Management
• Error Handling
• Unit Testing
• Email & Config
• Cache Handling


Installing Laravel
Laravel is installed using Composer
• Download composer from http://getcomposer.org
• Install Composer
composer create-project laravel/laravel myapp
• Add V-Hosts and hosts file entry

Artisan CLI
Laravel includes the Artisan CLI which handles many tasks
• Creating controllers & models
• Creating database migration files and running migrations
• Create providers, events, jobs, form requests, etc
• Show routes
• Session commands
• Run Tinker
• Create custom commands

Examples of Artisan Commands
$ php artisan list
$ php artisan help migrate
$ php artisan make:controller TodosController
$ php artisan make:model Todo —m
$ php artisan make:migration add todos_to_db —table=todos
$ php artisan migrate
$ php artisan tinker


Eloquent ORM
Laravel includes the Eloquent object relational mapper
• Makes querying & working with the DB very easy
• We can still use raw SQL queries if needed
Use App\Todo;
$todo = new Todo;
$todo->title = 'Some Todo';
$todo->save();


Blade Template Engine
• Simple & powerful
• Control structures (if else, loops, etc)
• Can use <?php echo 'PHP Tags'; ?>
• Can create custom components
• Template Inheritance: Extend layouts easily


<!-- Stored in resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php -->
<html>
<head>
<title>App Name - @yield('title')</title>
</head>
</body>
@section('sidebar')
This is the master sidebar.
@show
<div class="container">
@yield('content' )
</div>
</html>


<!-- Stored in resources/views/child.blade.php -->
@extends('layouts.app')
@section('title','Page Title')
@section('sidebar')
@parent
<p>This is appended to the master sidebar.</p>
@endsection
@section('content')
<p>This is my body content. </p>
@endsection

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Twitter.com/c/traversymedia

SUPPORT:
Patreon.com/traversymedia
Paypal.me/traversymedia
.

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